; VisSim Block Diagram Format (VBDF)
; Copyright (C) 1989-1995 Visual Solutions
POa="Terry Dwyer"
PV=2.000
PS=0
PE=6
PP=0.003
PI=170
PX=0.003
PN=1e-006
PL=5
PT=1e-005
Pn=-12,6,20,"Times New Roman"
Pc=367
Po=1,50,664
Ppl=1
Ppp=0
Ppt=0
Ppf=1
Pe=0
PD=1024x768
Pf=0x0
Pr="stub"
Ps=996,0,0,680,0,0
Pd=17
PM=1,1,1,1
N.1="date"*64x42
N.2="label"*73x1<M>
n="Bibliography"
N.3="comment"*8x4*105x47<M>
C="
 The definitive reference is

 Hodgkin, A. L. and A. F. Huxley. (1952)  A quantitative description of membrane
 current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve. J. Physiol. 117:
 500-544.

 The contemporary classic is

Hille, Bertil.  Ion Channels of Excitable Membranes. (1984)
"
N.4="label"*3x42
n="Hodgkin-Huxley Action Potential"
N.5="label"*22x44
n="Version 2.0"
N.6="Compound"*108x55<C>
n="Graph"
Ms=1995,0,0,1361,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.7="label"*78x0<M>
n="Graph"
N.8="Compound"*38x51<C>
n="Membrane Current"
Ms=1995,0,0,1361,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.9="label"*56x1<M>
n="Membrane Current"
N.10="Compound"*110x9<MC>
n="Membrane Notes"
Ms=1995,0,0,1361,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.11="label"*68x1<M>
n="Membrane Notes"
N.12="comment"*8x4*105x47<M>
C="
 Membrane potential is a function of the charge separation across the membrane and
 membrane capactance.  Charge separation is the integral over time of current flowing
 through the membrane.  Current is the sum of sodium (I Na+), potassium (I K+) and
 leak (I Leak) currents.

 The step function simulates a current pulse that moves the membrane charge to a new
 level.

 End
"
N.13="variable"*134x30<M>
n="I"
N.14="display"(-2.1596926091405)*128x22<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.15="summingJunction"*97x27#4,1<M>
N.16="wirePositioner"*80x17<M>
N.17="variable"*14x17<M>
n="I_Na+"
N.18="display"(-0.87567369161785)*41x9<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.19="wirePositioner"*79x29<M>
N.20="variable"*15x29<M>
n="I_K+"
N.21="display"(2.8398626707337)*41x22<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.22="wirePositioner"*80x44<M>
N.23="variable"*12x44<M>
n="I_Leak"
N.24="display"(-4.1238815882563)*41x36<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.25="label"*46x12<M>
n="uA / cm^2"
N.26="label"*46x25<M>
n="uA / cm^2"
N.27="label"*46x40<M>
n="uA / cm^2"
N.28="Compound"*6x35<C>
n="Units"
Ms=1995,0,0,1361,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.29="label"*73x1<M>
n="Units"
N.30="comment"*8x4*105x47<M>
C="
 Physical units in this model are

	Voltage		mv
	Current		uA / cm^2
	Charge		uC / cm^2
	Conductance	(uA / cm^2) / mv
	Capacitance	mv / (uC / cm^2)
	Time		msec
 End
"
N.31="plot"*0x4*71x39#1,0<M>
pt="Membrane Potential"
px="Time (msec)"
pax=0
pf=H
pf=F
pb=40,-100
pbx=6,0
pbY=0,0
pbX=0,0
pc=512
pm=10,0
pb.0=100,-200
pb.1=0,0
pb.2=0,0
pb.3=0,0
N.32="plot"*0x44*71x15#2,0<M>
pt="Conductances"
px="time (ms)"
pax=0
pf=H
pf=F
pb=30,0
pbx=6,0
pbY=0,0
pbX=0,0
pc=512
pm=10,0
pg=0,3pb.0=0,0
pb.1=30,0
pb.2=0,0
pb.3=0,0
N.33="variable"*4x1<M>
n="V"
N.34="variable"*0x60<M>
n="G_Na+"
N.35="variable"*16x60<M>
n="G_K+"
N.36="Compound"*47x55<C>
n="K+ Current"
Ms=1995,0,0,1361,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.37="label"*67x1<M>
n="K+ Current"
N.38="variable"*143x12<M>
n="I_K+"
N.39="display"(2.8398626707337)*139x14<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.40="label"*142x16<M>
n="uA / cm^2"
N.41="*"*128x11<M>
N.42="Compound"*47x57<C>
n="Leak Current"
Ms=1995,0,0,1361,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.43="label"*45x4<M>
n="Leak Current"
N.44="Compound"*12x4<MC>
n="Current Notes"
Ms=372,0,0,48,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.45="label"*62x1<M>
n="Membrane Notes"
N.46="comment"*8x4*105x47<M>
C="
 Each ion current is a function of membrane potential, equilibration potential and ion
 conductance.  Equilibration potentials are functions of intracellular and extracellular
 ion concentrations.  These potential are parameters is this model.

 End
"
N.47="variable"*60x19<M>
n="I_Leak"
N.48="label"*36x29<M>
n="     Leak Current's
Equilibrium Potential"
N.49="summingJunction"*86x35<M>
N.50="wirePositioner"*51x37<M>
N.51="variable"*81x20<M>
n="G_Leak"
N.52="display"(0.3)*74x17<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.53="variable"*62x35<M>
n="V"
N.54="display"(-81.637307016301)*74x32<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.55="label"*33x14<M>
n="mv"
N.56="*"*32x18<M>
N.57="Compound"*2x51<C>
n="Membrane Voltange"
Ms=1995,0,0,1361,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.58="label"*60x1<M>
n="Membrane Voltage"
N.59="Compound"*11x2<MC>
n="Membrane Notes"
Ms=411,0,0,48,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.60="label"*68x1<M>
n="Membrane Notes"
N.61="comment"*8x4*105x47<M>
C="
 Membrane potential is a function of the charge separation across the membrane and
 membrane capactance.  Charge separation is the integral over time of current flowing
 through the membrane.  Current is the sum of sodium (I Na+), potassium (I K+) and
 leak (I Leak) currents.

 The step function simulates a current pulse that moves the membrane charge to a new
 level.

 End
"
N.62="integrator"(80,0,0)*57x35<M>
N.63="display"(81.637307016301)*73x29<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.64="variable"*84x35<M>
n="Q"
N.65="display"(81.637307016301)*92x32<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.66="variable"*24x35<M>
n="I"
N.67="display"(-2.1596926091405)*44x29<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.68="label"*77x31<M>
n="mv"
N.69="label"*49x33<M>
n="uA / cm^2"
N.70="label"*134x25<M>
n="uA / cm^2"
N.71="variable"*146x63<M>
n="% Inactivation"
N.72="variable"*124x63<M>
n="% Activation"
N.73="variable"*105x63<M>
n="G_Na+"
N.74="meter"(-100,100)*74x5*89x47#4,0<M>
n="Sodium Channel Behavior"
Tt=1
Tw=0,-1000,0,"Na Current"
Tw=1,0,40,"Na Conductance"
Tw=2,0,100,"% Activation"
Tw=3,0,100,"% Inactivation"
Tc=0,16777215
Tc=1,8421504
Tg=1,8
Tc=2,32768
Tc=3,255
Tl=16744448
TL=0
N.75="variable"*85x63<M>
n="I_Na+"
N.76="*"*106x41#4,1<M>
N.77="label"*4x56<M>
n="Off Rate: N Gate"
Ob=16777215
Og=8421504
Of=-19,0,700,0,0,0,34,"Arial"
N.78="summingJunction"*62x40<M>
N.79="*"*54x48<M>
N.80="const"(1)*91x31<M>
N.81="summingJunction"*100x31<M>
N.82="*"*49x29<M>
N.83="variable"*93x41<M>
n="N"
N.84="integrator"(0.317,3,0)*72x41<M>
N.85="variable"*70x41<M>
n="tau_N"
N.86="meter"(-100,100)*88x35*19x14<M>
n="tau_N"
Tt=1
Tw=0,0,6,"Rate"
Tc=0,255
N.87="1/X"*72x46<M>
N.88="summingJunction"*63x45<M>
N.89="const"(-1)*39x24<M>
N.90="summingJunction"*47x24<M>
N.91="/"*62x16<M>
N.92="exp"*33x26<M>
N.93="const"(10)*29x19<M>
N.94="variable"*51x8<M>
n="alpha_N"
N.95="summingJunction"*24x13<M>
N.96="const"(10.001)*9x13<M>
N.97="/"*36x14<M>
N.98="const"(8)*47x53<M>
N.99="/"*36x49<M>
N.100="const"(0.001)*5x50<M>
N.101="summingJunction"*20x48<M>
N.102="variable"*50x58<M>
n="beta_N"
N.103="const"(80)*25x53<M>
N.104="exp"*44x50<M>
N.105="variable"*4x13<M>
n="H_H_V"
N.106="label"*8x9<M>
n="On Rate: N Gate"
Ob=16777215
Og=8421504
Of=-19,0,700,0,0,0,34,"Arial"
N.107="display"(1.4507427873434)*68x39<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.108="display"(0.27404678254975)*94x10<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.109="meter"(-100,100)*62x19*72x31<MR>
n="Potassium Current"
Tt=1
Tw=0,0,1000,"uA/cm^2"
Tc=0,255
N.110="const"(36)*93x49<M>
N.111="/"*55x50<M>
N.112="variable"*11x12<M>
n="H_H_V"
N.113="display"(1.6373070163006)*27x12<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.114="display"(-69.4)*37x34<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.115="summingJunction"*26x36<M>
N.116="variable"*4x35<M>
n="H_H_Offset"
N.117="const"(10.6)*13x38<M>
N.118="const"(-12)*78x22<M>
N.119="variable"*63x19<M>
n="H_H_Offset"
N.120="summingJunction"*88x19<M>
N.121="display"(-92)*98x22<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.122="display"(-81.637307016301)*79x8<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.123="variable"*86x10<M>
n="V"
N.124="summingJunction"*104x10<M>
N.125="label"*97x24<M>
n="Potassium Current's
Equilibrium Potential"
N.126="display"(0.28691667068159)*72x39<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.127="display"(80)*65x17<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.128="display"(0.20189503434232)*52x6<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.129="display"(0.48740703127827)*51x56<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.130="/"*52x15<M>
N.131="const"(10)*45x17<M>
N.132="label"*63x51<M>
n="uC / cm^2"
N.133="display"(0)*58x48<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.134="wirePositioner"*82x57<M>
N.135="variable"*14x57<M>
n="Stimulus"
N.136="plot"*107x35*59x30#3,0<M>
px="Time (sec)"
pax=0
pf=H
pf=F
pb=100,-100
pbx=6,0
pbY=0,0
pbX=1,0
pc=512
pm=10,0
pb.0=0,-900
pb.1=900,0
pb.2=200,-100
pb.3=100,-400
N.137="variable"*95x39<M>
n="I_Na+"
N.138="variable"*95x49<M>
n="I_K+"
N.139="variable"*96x59<M>
n="I"
N.140="variable"*95x13<M>
n="G_K+"
N.141="plot"*16x28*92x24#1,0<M>
px="Time (sec)"
pax=0
pf=H
pf=F
pb=50,-100
pbx=6,0
pbY=0,0
pbX=0,0
pc=512
pm=10,0
pb.0=50,-90
pb.1=0,0
pb.2=0,0
pb.3=0,0
N.142="label"*131x38<M>
n="mv"
N.143="-X"*112x41<M>
N.144="/"*91x40<M>
N.145="label"*58x48<M>
n="Capacitance (1.0 mv / (uC / cm^2))"
N.146="slider"(1,10,0)*66x44<M>
N.147="display"(-81.637307016301)*123x36<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.148="variable"*138x41<M>
n="V"
N.149="display"(-81.637307016301)*57x6<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.150="display"(1.6373070163006)*93x10<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.151="variable"*51x15<M>
n="H_H_Offset"
N.152="slider"(80,80,60)*30x15<M>
N.153="variable"*94x14<M>
n="H_H_V"
N.154="variable"*62x11<M>
n="V"
N.155="summingJunction"*77x13<M>
N.156="Compound"*3x38<C>
n="Bibliography"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.157="plot"*23x0*79x27#1,0
pt="Membrane Potential"
px="Time (msec)"
py="mV"
pax=0
pf=H
pf=F
pb=40,-100
pbx=6,0
pbY=0,0
pbX=0,0
pc=512
pm=10,0
pb.0=100,-200
pb.1=0,0
pb.2=0,0
pb.3=0,0
N.158="plot"*23x27*79x13#1,0
pt="Electrical Stimulus"
px="Time (sec)"
py="uA/cm^2"
pax=0
pf=H
pf=F
pb=10,-200
pbx=6,0
pbY=0,0
pbX=0,0
pc=512
pm=10,0
pb.0=0,-80
pb.1=0,0
pb.2=0,0
pb.3=0,0
N.159="variable"*14x12
n="V"
N.160="variable"*8x32
n="Stimulus"
N.161="wirePositioner"*96x27<MR>
N.162="variable"*52x10<M>
n="RateTempEffect"
N.163="*"*73x8<M>
N.164="variable"*50x60<M>
n="RateTempEffect"
N.165="*"*73x58<M>
N.166="wirePositioner"*70x49<MR>
N.167="display"(3.8202161018186)*88x31<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.168="const"(6.3)*29x35<M>
N.169="const"(10)*49x36<M>
N.170="const"(3)*67x33<M>
N.171="summingJunction"*38x33<M>
N.172="/"*56x34<M>
N.173="Compound"*105x51<C>
n="Temperature Effect"
Ms=2048,0,0,3840,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.174="/"*57x14<M>
N.175="summingJunction"*39x13<M>
N.176="const"(1.1)*63x13<M>
N.177="const"(10)*33x18<M>
N.178="const"(6.3)*30x15<M>
N.179="display"(1.1233085794566)*85x11<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.180="variable"*10x13<M>
n="Temperature"
N.181="variable"*11x33<M>
n="Temperature"
N.182="label"*65x30<M>
n="Q10"
N.183="label"*63x10<M>
n="Q10"
N.184="pow"(2)*72x13#2,1<M>
N.185="pow"(2)*74x33#2,1<M>
N.186="variable"*86x14<M>
n="G_TempEffect"
N.187="variable"*88x34<M>
n="RateTempEffect"
N.188="variable"*92x61<M>
n="G_TempEffect"
N.189="slider"(18.5,37,0)*33x3<M>
N.190="variable"*61x3<M>
n="Temperature"
N.191="Compound"*20x19#1,2<MC>
n="beta_N"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.192="Compound"*23x12#2,0<MCR>
n="tau_N"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.193="Compound"*20x6#1,1<MC>
n="alpha_N"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.194="*"*102x47#3,1<M>
N.195="variable"*61x13<M>
n="N_fourth"
N.196="Compound"*45x12#2,1<MC>
n="N_fourth"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.197="Compound"*80x13#1,1<MC>
n="G_K+"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.198="Compound"*115x8#0,1<MC>
n="Driving_Force_K+"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.199="variable"*2x71<M>
n="I_Na+"
N.200="variable"*5x75<M>
n="G_Na+"
N.201="variable"*4x103<M>
n="% Activation"
N.202="variable"*4x107<M>
n="% Inactivation"
N.203="variable"*11x95<M>
n="I_Na+"
N.204="meter"(-100,100)*24x94*105x16#4,0<M>
n="Sodium Channel Behavior"
Tt=0
Tw=0,0,1,"Na Current (uA/cm^2)"
Tw=1,0,1,"Na Conductance (mmho/cm^2)"
Tw=2,0,1,"% Activation Gates Open"
Tw=3,0,1,"% Inactivation Gates Closed"
Tc=0,16777215
Tc=1,8421504
Tc=2,32768
Tc=3,255
Tl=0
TL=0
N.205="meter"(-100,100)*20x70*105x16#4,0<M>
n="Sodium Channel Behavior"
Tt=0
Tw=0,0,1,"Na Current (uA/cm^2)"
Tw=1,0,1,"Na Conductance (mmho/cm^2)"
Tw=2,0,1,"% Activation Gates Open"
Tw=3,0,1,"% Inactivation Gates Closed"
Tc=0,16777215
Tc=1,8421504
Tc=2,32768
Tc=3,255
Tl=0
TL=0
N.206="Compound"*114x29#0,1<MC>
n="Driving_Force_Na+"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.207="display"(80)*83x42<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.208="label"*122x50<M>
n="Sodium's Current's
Equilibrium Potential"
N.209="summingJunction"*137x43<M>
N.210="variable"*125x43<M>
n="V"
N.211="display"(-81.637307016301)*118x41<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.212="display"(35)*123x48<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.213="summingJunction"*112x44<M>
N.214="variable"*83x44<M>
n="H_H_Offset"
N.215="const"(115)*103x46<M>
N.216="Compound"*64x21#2,2<MC>
n="M_cubed"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.217="*"*71x51#3,1<M>
N.218="*"*80x58<M>
N.219="const"(100)*63x60<M>
N.220="variable"*62x53<M>
n="M"
N.221="integrator"(0.0528,1,0)*38x53<M>
N.222="*"*14x46<M>
N.223="summingJunction"*48x47<M>
N.224="const"(1)*42x47<M>
N.225="*"*32x60<M>
N.226="summingJunction"*22x47<M>
N.227="wirePositioner"*54x43<MR>
N.228="wirePositioner"*55x53<M>
N.229="wirePositioner"*88x62<M>
N.230="Compound"*59x46#2,2<MC>
n="H"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.231="summingJunction"*60x45<M>
N.232="*"*57x52<M>
N.233="const"(1)*96x36<M>
N.234="summingJunction"*103x36<M>
N.235="*"*79x37<M>
N.236="integrator"(0.658,2,0)*69x46<M>
N.237="*"*118x37<M>
N.238="const"(100)*109x41<M>
N.239="display"(0.70488176044222)*110x50<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.240="wirePositioner"*102x32<MR>
N.241="wirePositioner"*97x46<M>
N.242="wirePositioner"*121x46<M>
N.243="wirePositioner"*127x29<M>
N.244="Compound"*100x30#3,1<MC>
n="G_Na+"
Ms=2048,0,0,3840,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.245="*"*101x17#3,1<M>
N.246="variable"*100x14<M>
n="G_TempEffect"
N.247="*"*114x17<M>
N.248="variable"*120x32<M>
n="G_Na+"
N.249="variable"*83x23<M>
n="M_cubed"
N.250="Compound"*39x46#2,0<MCR>
n="tau_H"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.251="variable"*88x25<M>
n="tau_H"
N.252="meter"(-100,100)*102x26*19x11<M>
n="tau_H"
Tt=1
Tw=0,0,1,"Rate"
Tc=0,255
N.253="1/X"*89x30<M>
N.254="summingJunction"*80x29<M>
N.255="display"(1.9710397698665)*83x23<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.256="Compound"*36x41#1,1<MC>
n="alpha_H"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.257="label"*21x8<M>
n="On Rate: H Gate"
Ob=16777215
Og=8421504
Of=-19,0,700,0,0,0,34,"Arial"
N.258="exp"*59x13<M>
N.259="const"(20)*43x16<M>
N.260="variable"*56x7<M>
n="alpha_H"
N.261="summingJunction"*34x11<M>
N.262="const"(0.001)*21x11<M>
N.263="/"*53x12<M>
N.264="const"(0.085)*60x17<M>
N.265="*"*69x13<M>
N.266="display"(0.35243760499574)*58x5<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.267="variable"*58x9<M>
n="RateTempEffect"
N.268="*"*82x7<M>
N.269="Compound"*36x53#1,1<MC>
n="beta_H"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.270="label"*24x53<M>
n="Off Rate: H Gate"
Ob=16777215
Og=8421504
Of=-19,0,700,0,0,0,34,"Arial"
N.271="const"(1)*58x50<M>
N.272="summingJunction"*65x46<M>
N.273="/"*49x45<M>
N.274="const"(30.001)*23x46<M>
N.275="summingJunction"*37x44<M>
N.276="variable"*67x54<M>
n="beta_H"
N.277="const"(10)*39x50<M>
N.278="exp"*54x46<M>
N.279="1/X"*77x47<M>
N.280="display"(0.1549088297582)*69x58<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.281="variable"*67x56<M>
n="RateTempEffect"
N.282="*"*91x54<M>
N.283="Compound"*40x21#2,0<MCR>
n="tau_M"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.284="summingJunction"*80x37<M>
N.285="1/X"*90x38<M>
N.286="variable"*90x33<M>
n="tau_M"
N.287="display"(0.057145618800584)*89x31<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.288="meter"(-100,100)*103x35*20x11<M>
n="Tau_M"
Tt=1
Tw=0,0,1,"Meter 1"
Tc=0,255
N.289="Compound"*36x15#1,1<MC>
n="alpha_M"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.290="/"*42x11<M>
N.291="const"(25.001)*9x10<M>
N.292="summingJunction"*23x10<M>
N.293="variable"*42x6<M>
n="alpha_M"
N.294="const"(10)*32x15<M>
N.295="exp"*43x17<M>
N.296="/"*56x12<M>
N.297="summingJunction"*50x20<M>
N.298="const"(1)*43x22<M>
N.299="label"*9x6<M>
n="On Rate: M Gate"
Ob=16777215
Og=8421504
Of=-19,0,700,0,0,0,34,"Arial"
N.300="display"(0.76221165377177)*44x4<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.301="*"*67x6<M>
N.302="variable"*42x8<M>
n="RateTempEffect"
N.303="Compound"*36x30#1,1<MC>
n="beta_M"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.304="exp"*60x46<M>
N.305="const"(18)*47x49<M>
N.306="variable"*61x53<M>
n="beta_M"
N.307="summingJunction"*37x44<M>
N.308="const"(0.001)*24x46<M>
N.309="/"*55x45<M>
N.310="*"*72x46<M>
N.311="const"(4)*68x48<M>
N.312="label"*25x52<M>
n="Off Rate: M Gate"
Ob=16777215
Og=8421504
Of=-19,0,700,0,0,0,34,"Arial"
N.313="display"(16.736942629422)*63x57<MR>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.314="variable"*61x55<M>
n="RateTempEffect"
N.315="*"*82x53<M>
N.316="variable"*68x49<M>
n="% Inactivation"
N.317="variable"*86x19<M>
n="% Activation"
N.318="label"*121x36<M>
n="Na Conductance"
N.319="*"*139x30<M>
N.320="const"(120)*85x32<M>
N.321="variable"*14x48<M>
n="H_H_V"
N.322="variable"*69x46<M>
n="H"
N.323="variable"*14x23<M>
n="H_H_V"
N.324="variable"*146x31<M>
n="I_Na+"
N.325="Compound"*47x53<C>
n="Sodium Current"
Ms=2048,0,0,3840,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.326="variable"*119x27<M>
n="Stimulus"
N.327="slider"(1,20,0)*58x22<M>
N.328="label"*44x22<M>
n="Pulse On At"
N.329="label"*35x33<M>
n="Stimulus Amplitude
   (mA of Current)"
N.330="label"*41x29<M>
n="Pulse Duration"
N.331="slider"(0.1,1,0)*58x29<M>
N.332="slider"(-150,100,-200)*56x35<M>
N.333="display"(0)*118x23<M>
Oe=6
Ox=1
Ov=0
N.334="Compound"*93x25#4,1<MC>
n="Stimulator"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.335="*"*130x20<M>
N.336="integrator"(0,4,0)*51x12<M>
N.337="const"(1)*47x12<M>
N.338="summingJunction"*63x12<M>
N.339="variable"*115x16<M>
n=": Trigger"
N.340="sign"*76x13<M>
N.341="sign"*75x19<M>
N.342="summingJunction"*62x18#3,1<M>
N.343="const"(1)*47x18<M>
N.344="integrator"(0,5,0)*51x18<M>
N.345="!="*94x15<M>
N.346="not"*103x16<M>
N.347="variable"*52x57<M>
n="V"
N.348="plot"*66x46*82x25#1,0<M>
px="Time (sec)"
pax=0
pf=H
pf=F
pb=40,-100
pbx=6,0
pbY=0,0
pbX=0,0
pc=512
pm=10,0
pb.0=-50,-90
pb.1=0,0
pb.2=0,0
pb.3=0,0
N.349="Compound"*23x16<MC>
n="Step Function Notes"
Ms=2048,0,0,3840,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.350="label"*67x1<M>
n="Stimulus Notes"
N.351="comment"*8x4*105x47<M>
C="
 We need a function here that has an initial value (usually 0).  At a predefined time,
 the value jumps to the final value.

 The first step is to integrate a constant equal to 1 to obtain time.  This time is then
 compared to the predefined time of the step (Step At).  The difference is initially
 negative.  When it goes positive, the relay is tripped from -1 to 1.  The trigger is
 shaped at 0 and 1 using a limit block.

 When the trigger is 0, the output (Step Function) is equal to first value.  When the
 trigger goes to 1, output changes by an added value (Added Value).

 End
"
N.352="label"*81x13<M>
n="Stimulus"
N.353="Compound"*85x51<C>
n="Stimulator"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.354="variable"*5x39<M>
n="V"
N.355="Compound"*3x21#0,1<MC>
n="Driving_Force_Leak"
Ms=2048,0,0,3840,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.356="variable"*93x12<M>
n="G_TempEffect"
N.357="*"*104x18<M>
N.358="const"(0.3)*69x20<M>
N.359="Compound"*15x17#0,1<MC>
n="G_Leak"
Ms=0,0,0,0,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.360="label"*3x1
n=" Press  \"F5\" 
     for an 
     Action
   Potential "
Ob=0
Og=16777215
Of=-21,0,400,0,0,0,18,"Times New Roman"
N.361="comment"*4x1*96x33<M>
C="			Structure of this Window
   Two plots are given on the right of the screen.
	The top plot shows the membrane potential during the simulation.  The box 
	containing \"V\" delivers the calculated membrane voltage to the plot
	
	The bottom plot shows the stimulus (electrical current) during the stimulation.
	The box containing \"Stimulus\" delivers the electrical stimulus to the plot.  
	It is off (zero) for much of the time, and on only when the stimulator gives a 
	pulse.

   Blue windows offer additional information.
	The current window gives the structure of this lesson plan
	The \"Objectives\" window list the knowledge and application objectives.
	The \"Help\" window explains how to manipulate the variables in this window.
	The \"Bibliography\" window lists important citations.
	The \"Units\" window lists the units of measurement.
	"
N.362="Compound"*1x27<C>
n="Double-Click Here
   To Get Help"
Ms=2048,0,0,3840,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.363="comment"*4x2*98x23<M>
C="
			Help Window

   Blue windows contain additional information and can be opened by double-clicking on them.
	
	For instance, double-click (or right click) on the objectives window
	and you can read this lesson's objectives.

	To exit, double-click (or right click) somewhere on the yellow background.
 "
N.364="Compound"*3x16<C>
n="Objectives"
Ms=2048,0,0,3840,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
N.365="comment"*2x2*97x26<M>
C="Knowledge Objective.  The student should be able to:
	
	Recognize that a mathematical model which is composed of differential equations 	can generate an action potential.  

	(That is, simply by understanding the molecular elements which comprise 
	a nerve membrane, it is possible to predict the nerve's behavior over time.)

Application Objective:  The objectives are met when the student can:

	1. Load and run \"Lesson 1.\"

	2.  Find and read the contents of the blue dialog boxes.

	


"
N.366="variable"*63x70<MR>
n="Stimulus@359"
N.367="Compound"*5x20<C>
n="Structure
  of this
Window"
Ms=2048,0,0,3840,0,0
Ml=0
Mr=0
Mh=0
Mp=0
Mw=""
G.6=7,31,32,33,34,35,71,72,73,74,75,199,200,201,202,203,204,205,
G.8=9,10,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,70,132,133,134,135,136,137,138,139,
G.10=11,12,
I.13.i1=15.o1
I.14.i1=15.o1
I.15.i1=16.o1
I.15.i2=19.o1
I.15.i3=22.o1
I.15.i4=134.o1
I.16.i1=17.o1
I.18.i1=17.o1
I.19.i1=20.o1
I.21.i1=20.o1
I.22.i1=23.o1
I.24.i1=23.o1
G.28=29,30,
I.31.i1=33.o1
I.32.i1=34.o1
I.32.i2=35.o1
G.36=37,38,39,40,41,105,108,109,140,191,192,193,195,196,197,198,
I.38.i1=41.o1
I.39.i1=38.o1
I.41.i1=198.o1
I.41.i2=197.o1
G.42=43,44,47,55,56,112,113,141,354,355,359,
G.44=45,46,
I.47.i1=56.o1
I.49.i1=53.o1
f49.2.i=-
I.49.i2=50.o1
I.50.i1=115.o1
I.51.i1=358.o1
I.52.i1=51.o1
I.54.i1=53.o1
I.56.i1=359.o1
I.56.i2=355.o1
G.57=58,59,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,142,143,144,145,146,147,148,149,150,151,152,153,154,155,
G.59=60,61,
I.62.i1=66.o1
I.63.i1=62.o1
I.64.i1=62.o1
I.65.i1=64.o1
I.67.i1=66.o1
I.74.i1=75.o1
I.74.i2=73.o1
I.74.i3=72.o1
I.74.i4=71.o1
I.76.i1=83.o1
I.76.i2=83.o1
I.76.i3=83.o1
I.76.i4=83.o1
I.78.i1=82.o1
f78.2.i=-
I.78.i2=79.o1
I.79.i1=83.o1
I.79.i2=196.i2
I.81.i1=80.o1
f81.2.i=-
I.81.i2=83.o1
I.82.i1=161.o1
I.82.i2=196.i1
I.83.i1=84.o1
I.84.i1=78.o1
I.85.i1=87.o1
I.86.i1=85.o1
I.87.i1=88.o1
I.88.i1=192.i1
I.88.i2=192.i2
I.90.i1=89.o1
I.90.i2=92.o1
I.91.i1=130.o1
I.91.i2=90.o1
I.92.i1=97.o1
I.94.i1=91.o1
I.95.i1=96.o1
I.95.i2=193.i1
I.97.i1=95.o1
I.97.i2=93.o1
I.99.i1=101.o1
I.99.i2=103.o1
I.101.i1=191.i1
I.101.i2=100.o1
I.102.i1=111.o1
I.104.i1=99.o1
I.107.i1=85.o1
I.108.i1=140.o1
I.109.i1=41.o1
I.111.i1=104.o1
I.111.i2=98.o1
I.113.i1=112.o1
I.114.i1=115.o1
f115.1.i=-
I.115.i1=116.o1
I.115.i2=117.o1
f120.1.i=-
I.120.i1=119.o1
I.120.i2=118.o1
I.121.i1=120.o1
I.122.i1=123.o1
I.124.i1=123.o1
f124.2.i=-
I.124.i2=120.o1
I.126.i1=83.o1
I.127.i1=119.o1
I.128.i1=163.o1
I.129.i1=165.o1
I.130.i1=97.o1
I.130.i2=131.o1
I.133.i1=135.o1
I.134.i1=135.o1
I.136.i1=137.o1
I.136.i2=138.o1
I.136.i3=139.o1
I.140.i1=197.o1
I.141.i1=354.o1
I.143.i1=144.o1
I.144.i1=62.o1
I.144.i2=146.o1
I.147.i1=143.o1
I.148.i1=143.o1
I.149.i1=154.o1
I.150.i1=155.o1
I.151.i1=152.o1
I.153.i1=155.o1
f155.1.i=-
I.155.i1=154.o1
f155.2.i=-
I.155.i2=151.o1
G.156=2,3,
I.157.i1=159.o1
I.158.i1=160.o1
I.161.i1=81.o1
I.163.i1=94.o1
I.163.i2=162.o1
I.165.i1=102.o1
I.165.i2=164.o1
I.166.i1=165.o1
I.167.i1=185.o1
I.171.i1=181.o1
f171.2.i=-
I.171.i2=168.o1
I.172.i1=171.o1
I.172.i2=169.o1
G.173=167,168,169,170,171,172,174,175,176,177,178,179,180,181,182,183,184,185,186,187,189,190,
I.174.i1=175.o1
I.174.i2=177.o1
I.175.i1=180.o1
f175.2.i=-
I.175.i2=178.o1
I.179.i1=184.o1
I.184.i1=176.o1
I.184.i2=174.o1
I.185.i1=170.o1
I.185.i2=172.o1
I.186.i1=184.o1
I.187.i1=185.o1
I.190.i1=189.o1
G.191=77,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,111,129,164,165,166,
I.191.o1=166.o1
I.191.o2=165.o1
I.191.i1=105.o1
G.192=85,86,87,88,107,
I.192.i1=193.o1
I.192.i2=191.o1
G.193=89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,106,128,130,131,162,163,
I.193.o1=163.o1
I.193.i1=105.o1
I.194.i1=197.i1
I.194.i2=110.o1
I.194.i3=188.o1
I.195.i1=196.o1
G.196=76,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,126,161,
I.196.o1=76.o1
I.196.i1=193.o1
I.196.i2=191.o2
G.197=110,188,194,
I.197.o1=194.o1
I.197.i1=195.o1
G.198=118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125,127,
I.198.o1=124.o1
I.204.i1=203.o1
I.204.i3=201.o1
I.204.i4=202.o1
I.205.i1=199.o1
G.206=207,208,209,210,211,212,213,214,215,
I.206.o1=209.o1
I.207.i1=214.o1
I.209.i1=210.o1
f209.2.i=-
I.209.i2=213.o1
I.211.i1=210.o1
I.212.i1=213.o1
f213.1.i=-
I.213.i1=214.o1
I.213.i2=215.o1
G.216=217,218,219,220,221,222,223,224,225,226,227,228,229,
I.216.o1=218.o1
I.216.o2=229.o1
I.216.i1=289.o1
I.216.i2=303.o1
I.217.i1=220.o1
I.217.i2=220.o1
I.217.i3=220.o1
I.218.i1=217.o1
I.218.i2=219.o1
I.220.i1=228.o1
I.221.i1=226.o1
I.222.i1=227.o1
I.222.i2=216.i1
I.223.i1=224.o1
f223.2.i=-
I.223.i2=228.o1
I.225.i1=228.o1
I.225.i2=216.i2
I.226.i1=222.o1
f226.2.i=-
I.226.i2=225.o1
I.227.i1=223.o1
I.228.i1=221.o1
I.229.i1=217.o1
G.230=231,232,233,234,235,236,237,238,239,240,241,242,243,
I.230.o1=243.o1
I.230.o2=237.o1
I.230.i1=256.o1
I.230.i2=269.o1
I.231.i1=235.o1
f231.2.i=-
I.231.i2=232.o1
I.232.i1=241.o1
I.232.i2=230.i2
I.234.i1=233.o1
f234.2.i=-
I.234.i2=241.o1
I.235.i1=240.o1
I.235.i2=230.i1
I.236.i1=231.o1
I.237.i1=234.o1
I.237.i2=238.o1
I.239.i1=241.o1
I.240.i1=234.o1
I.241.i1=236.o1
I.242.i1=241.o1
I.243.i1=242.o1
G.244=245,246,247,
I.244.o1=247.o1
I.244.i1=249.o1
I.244.i2=320.o1
I.244.i3=322.o1
I.245.i1=244.i1
I.245.i2=244.i2
I.245.i3=244.i3
I.247.i1=246.o1
I.247.i2=245.o1
I.248.i1=244.o1
I.249.i1=216.o2
G.250=251,252,253,254,255,
I.250.i1=256.o1
I.250.i2=269.o1
I.251.i1=253.o1
I.252.i1=253.o1
I.253.i1=254.o1
I.254.i1=250.i1
I.254.i2=250.i2
I.255.i1=251.o1
G.256=257,258,259,260,261,262,263,264,265,266,267,268,
I.256.o1=268.o1
I.256.i1=321.o1
I.258.i1=263.o1
I.260.i1=265.o1
I.261.i1=262.o1
I.261.i2=256.i1
I.263.i1=261.o1
I.263.i2=259.o1
I.265.i1=258.o1
I.265.i2=264.o1
I.266.i1=268.o1
I.268.i1=260.o1
I.268.i2=267.o1
G.269=270,271,272,273,274,275,276,277,278,279,280,281,282,
I.269.o1=282.o1
I.269.i1=321.o1
I.272.i1=278.o1
I.272.i2=271.o1
I.273.i1=275.o1
I.273.i2=277.o1
I.275.i1=269.i1
I.275.i2=274.o1
I.276.i1=279.o1
I.278.i1=273.o1
I.279.i1=272.o1
I.280.i1=282.o1
I.282.i1=276.o1
I.282.i2=281.o1
G.283=284,285,286,287,288,
I.283.i1=289.o1
I.283.i2=303.o1
I.284.i1=283.i1
I.284.i2=283.i2
I.285.i1=284.o1
I.286.i1=285.o1
I.287.i1=286.o1
I.288.i1=286.o1
G.289=290,291,292,293,294,295,296,297,298,299,300,301,302,
I.289.o1=301.o1
I.289.i1=323.o1
I.290.i1=292.o1
I.290.i2=294.o1
I.292.i1=291.o1
I.292.i2=289.i1
I.293.i1=296.o1
I.295.i1=290.o1
I.296.i1=290.o1
I.296.i2=297.o1
I.297.i1=295.o1
f297.2.i=-
I.297.i2=298.o1
I.300.i1=301.o1
I.301.i1=293.o1
I.301.i2=302.o1
G.303=304,305,306,307,308,309,310,311,312,313,314,315,
I.303.o1=315.o1
I.303.i1=323.o1
I.304.i1=309.o1
I.306.i1=310.o1
I.307.i1=303.i1
I.307.i2=308.o1
I.309.i1=307.o1
I.309.i2=305.o1
I.310.i1=304.o1
I.310.i2=311.o1
I.313.i1=315.o1
I.315.i1=306.o1
I.315.i2=314.o1
I.316.i1=230.o2
I.317.i1=216.o1
I.319.i1=206.o1
I.319.i2=248.o1
I.322.i1=230.o1
I.324.i1=319.o1
G.325=206,216,230,244,248,249,250,256,269,283,289,303,316,317,318,319,320,321,322,323,324,
I.326.i1=334.o1
I.333.i1=334.o1
G.334=335,336,337,338,339,340,341,342,343,344,345,346,
I.334.o1=335.o1
I.334.i1=327.o1
I.334.i2=327.o1
I.334.i3=331.o1
I.334.i4=332.o1
I.335.i1=339.o1
I.335.i2=334.i4
I.336.i1=337.o1
I.338.i1=336.o1
f338.2.i=-
I.338.i2=334.i1
I.339.i1=346.o1
I.340.i1=338.o1
I.341.i1=342.o1
f342.1.i=-
I.342.i1=344.o1
I.342.i2=334.i2
I.342.i3=334.i3
I.344.i1=343.o1
I.345.i1=340.o1
I.345.i2=341.o1
I.346.i1=345.o1
I.348.i1=347.o1
G.349=350,351,
G.353=326,327,328,329,330,331,332,333,334,347,348,349,352,
G.355=48,49,50,53,54,114,115,116,117,
I.355.o1=49.o1
I.357.i1=356.o1
I.357.i2=51.o1
G.359=51,52,356,357,358,
I.359.o1=357.o1
G.362=363,
G.364=365,366,
G.367=361,